Irritated Genie | An Essay On The Haitian Revolution by Jacob H. Carruthers

From the Introduction.... 

Race Vindication has long been a major theme in the consciousness of Blacks living in the United States.... Early conceptualizations of this consciousness in the second decade of the 19th century reflected on the Haitian Revolution as a demonstration of race redemption.... The liberator of Haiti, Jean Jacques Dessalines, in his speech accepting the office of Governor General for Life of the newly Independent Black Nation, referring to the possible attempted invasion of Haiti, asserted that upon their approach..... We may well describe the spirit of the Haitian Revolution as the "Irritated Genie of Haiti."